The hunger situation in Pakistan is still of concern. Improved global methodologies and better data regarding population, food balance sheets and consumption patterns are helping to estimate progress more accurately on SDG indicator 2.1.1, and Pakistan’s PoU for 2017-19 is now at 12.3 percent, slightly higher from 12.0 percent in 2016-18. Hunger is rising again, and over 26 million people are not meeting their minimum dietary energy needs. There have been gradual but uneven reductions in undernourishment at the country level, but the latest estimates indicate an uptick in this trend. The provinces with the most hungry people are Balochistan and Sindh. In Pakistan overall, urban populations have a higher PoU than rural populations, and this is also true at provincial levels for Sindh and Punjab, the most populous provinces. While food consumption is probably underestimated in urban contexts due to problems measuring food consumed outside the home, this is also reflecting that poor urban households have fewer resources to self-produce food, compared with poor rural households in the irrigated zones. Pakistan has produced its first official estimates for SDG indicator 2.1.2, the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity based on the FIES. The country’s first official estimate is 15.9 percent of the population for the year 2018-19. The most food insecure parts of the country are rural Sindh and rural Balochistan. In Pakistan overall, rural communities are experiencing more food insecurity than urban communities, reflecting that poorer rural households are often consuming less balanced diets, with seasonal gaps, and are also more prone to climate-related disasters. FIES-based data collected in flood and desert-locust affected parts of Pakistan during 2020 which also compounded by COVID-19 demonstrated that the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity rose to 61.9 per cent in the aftermath of floods and desert locust shocks in the affected areas, which were mostly in Balochistan and Sindh. Pakistan faces persistently high rates of all forms of malnutrition including undernutrition (underweight, wasting and stunting), micronutrient deficiencies, and overweight and obesity, across the life cycle. SDG indicator 2.2.1, stunting, is at 37.6 percent, while for SDG indicator 2.2.2, wasting is at 7.1 percent and overweight is at 2.5 percent in 2017-18. The provinces with the most undernutrition are Sindh and Balochistan. The array of reasons for this means that integrated, evidence-based nutrition interventions need to be delivered, through a multi-system package including health, food, social protection, and WASH systems for achieving a positive impact. Development programs must prioritize maternal, adolescent, and young child nutrition, in a coordinated, scalable manner. Adolescence is an important window of opportunity where the intergenerational consequences of malnutrition can be tackled. Building behaviors and practices that promote healthy diets, physical activity, and social support for adolescents will enable good nutrition, health, appropriate growth and development, as well as increased human capital. Provision of temporary extra WASH facilities and public messaging were key factors in lessening COVID-19 transmission in Pakistan in 2020, while they also remain an important determinant for improving maternal and child health, including stunting. Contaminated water supplies and unsafe drinking water are urgent problems to resolve in both urban and rural contexts. WASH infrastructure is still a crucial area of public sector investment. The government’s steps towards scaling up of existing best practices in integrated, nutrition-sensitive WASH interventions will make a major difference in improving malnutrition and preventing future....